fa بررسی تأثیر سرعت تحریک در پاسخ‌های شنوایی ساقه مغز در سالمندان گوش و حلق و بيني Otorhinolaryngology پژوهشي Original <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">سابقه و هدف:</span></span></span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">&nbsp;پیر گوشی (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Presbycusis</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) نوعی اختلال شنوایی است که با افزایش سن ایجاد می‌شود. افزایش زمان واکنشِ مرکزی به‌طور قابل‌توجهی سرعت عملکردی سالمندان را کاهش می‌دهد. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین تأثیر سرعت تحریک در پاسخ‌های شنیداری ساقه مغز (</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Auditory</span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Brainstem</span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Responses;</span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ABR</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">) سالمندان انجام شد.</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">مواد و روش‌‌ها</span></span></span></span></span></span></b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">: </span></span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این مطالعه مقطعی شامل ۴۵ سالمند ۶۵ تا ۸۱ ساله (گروه مورد) و ۴۵ جوان ۱۸ تا ۲۳ ساله (گروه شاهد) بود. هر دو گروه با آزمون‌های عمومی شنوایی‌شناسی و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ABR</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در دو سرعت تحریک (آهسته= ۱۱ و سریع= ۹۱ کلیک در ثانیه) ارزیابی شدند. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">t</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> مستقل انجام شد (0.05></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">).</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">یافته‌ها</span></span></span></span></span></span></b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">: </span></span></span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در سرعت تحریک آهسته، میانگین‌های دامنه‌های امواج 1</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(0.03=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">)</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و 3</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">(0.04=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">)</span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در سالمندان کمتر از جوانان بودند و تفاوت میانگین دامنه‌های موج 5 معنادار نبود. زمان‌های تأخیر امواج 1 تا 5 در سالمندان طولانی‌تر از جوانان بود (0.01=</span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">P</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">). در سرعت تحریک سریع، میانگین‌های زمان‌های تأخیر امواج 1، 3 و 5 افزایش و دامنه‌های آن‌ها در هر دو گروه کاهش یافتند، اما این تفاوت‌ها معنی‌دار نبودند. </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:-.15pt">نتیجه‌گیری: </span></span></span></span></span></span></b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">آثار پیرگوشی در بخش‌های ابتدایی‌تر سیستم شنیداری مرکزی بیشتر است و سبب کاهش هم‌زمانی شلیک فیبرهای عصبی در نواحی پایین‌تر ساقه مغز و اختلال در امواجی از </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">ABR</span></span></span> <span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">می‌شوند که به مولدهای عصبی در حد فاصل عصب شنوایی تا مجموعه زیتونی فوقانی مربوط هستند.</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">Background and Objective:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">Pr</span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">esbycusis is a hearing disorder that develops with age.</span></span> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">The increase in central reaction time significantly reduces the functional speed of older adults. In this regard, the present study aimed to determine the effect of </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:black">stimulation speed on auditory brainstem responses (ABR) </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">in the elderly.</span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:#274cc3">Materials and Methods: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">This cross-sectional study included 45 </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">adults aged 65-81 years (case group) and 45 young adults aged 18-23 years (control group).</span></span><b> </b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">Both groups were assessed by general audiological tests and ABR at two stimulation </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:black">speeds </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">(slow=11 and fast=91 clicks per second).</span></span><b> </b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">Data analysis was performed using </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">independent t-test (<i>p</i><0.05).</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">Results:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">At slow stimulation </span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:black">speed</span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">, the mean amplitudes of waves I (<i>p</i>=0.03) and III (<i>p</i>=0.04) were smaller in the old adults, compared to those in the young adults,</span></span> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima">and the difference in the mean amplitudes of wave V was not significant. The latency times of waves I-V were longer in the old adults, compared to those in the young adults (<i>p</i>=0.01). </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:#1f1f1f">At the fast stimulation </span></span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:black">speed</span></span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:#1f1f1f">, the mean latency of waves I, III, and V increased, and the amplitude of waves I, III, and V decreased in both the old and young adults, but these differences were not significant.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Conclusion:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span style="font-family:Optima"><span style="color:black">Age-related changes appear to have a greater impact on the lower levels of the central auditory system and reduce the synchronization of auditory afferent fibers at lower levels of the brainstem. Therefore, presbycusis may have more adverse consequences on the performance of ABR wave generators at the junction of the auditory nerve and the superior olivary complex.</span></span></span> پاسخ‌ شنوایی ساقه مغز, پیرگوشی, سالمند, عصب شنوایی Aged, Auditory Brainstem Response, Auditory Nerve, Presbycusis 46 51 http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-12-157-17&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Rohollah Abbasi روح الله عباسی abbasi@umsha.ac.ir 100319475328460024805 100319475328460024805 No Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran گروه گوش و حلق و بینی، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران Roya Najafi Vosough رویا نجفی وثوق roya.najafivosough@gmail.com 100319475328460024806 100319475328460024806 No Research Center for Health, Institute of Health Sciences and Technologies, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran مرکز تحقیقات سلامت، پژوهشکده علوم و فناوری سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران Seyede Faranak Emami سیده‌ فرانک امامی faranakemami742@gmail.com 100319475328460024807 100319475328460024807 Yes Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran گروه شنوایی‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم توان‌بخشی،دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران