@article{ author = {Kazerani, Hashem and HajiMoradi, Behz}, title = {Effects of Sublingual Captopril in Immediate Treatment of Hypertensive Crisis}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Sublingual captopril was shown to be a safe and effective drug to control hypertensive urgencies. However the exact time and efficacy of lowering blood pressure (BP) is a matter of interest and importance. In this study we evaluated the time and efficacy of 25 mg sublingual captopril in lowering blood pressure. Materials & Methods: In a randomized clinical trial 101 patients (34 men, 67 women) with blood pressure of 180/110 mmHg (or more) who had no finding of major organ damage (heart – brain -eyes –renal) were studied by prescription of 25 mg sublingual captopril. Then systolic and diastolic blood pressure was measured at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 75, 90, 105, 120 minutes following drug administration. Data analysis was performed using paired t-test and SPSS software. Results: The results showed that almost all the patients had some decrease in BP. After 120 minutes blood pressure dropped about 5% in 30%, and 5-30% in 70% of patients, compared to first measured BP. Maximal effect was observed in 25-30 minutes after drug administration: after 30 minutes systolic pressure dropped in 68.4% and diastolic pressure in 65.3% of patients about 5-25%. 47 patients had low response to therapy after 60 minutes, so they received another 25 mg captopril sublingual, which BP dropped in 45% of them. 19 patients were prescribed IV furosemide after 120 minutes. This group had resistant HTN and 25 cases of them were treated with ACEI previously. BP decreased gradually and not more than 30% of first BP. None of the patients encountered side effects. Conclusion: Sublingual captopril is a good, safe, effective, available and cost effective drug, with very low side effects in treating patients with hypertensive crisis. It is recommended to use this drug instead of Nifedipine in all hypertensive patients.}, Keywords = {Captopril , Hypertension , Nifedipine}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {5-10}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-438-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-438-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Goodarzi, Mohammad Taghi and BabaAhmadiRezaie, Hosein and Kadkhodaie, Manijeh and HaddadiNezhad, Shahram}, title = {Serum Adiponectin in Type 2 Diabetic Women and Its Correlation with HbA1c and CRP}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Adiponectin secretes by adipose tissue and play an important role in hyperglycemia and inflammatory mechanism. The objective of this study was to compare the levels of adiponectin, CRP and HbA1c in diabetic and healthy women and to determine the correlation coefficient between these factors in each study group. Materials & Methods: We designed a case-control study to assess baseline adiponectin concentrations in diabetic and healthy women. We used Spearman coefficient to determine correlation between adiponectin with ‍CRP, HbA1c. Results: After adjusting for age and BMI, adiponectin was lower in diabetic women (7.29 ± 1.42 µg/ml) compared to healthy women (10.29 ± 1.93 µg/ml) (P<0.01) and there was a negative correlation between adiponectin with ‍CRP and HbA1c. Conclusion: This study suggested the anti-diabeteic and anti-inflammatory properties of adiponectin.}, Keywords = {Adiponectin , C-Reactive Protein , Diabetes Mellitus , Hemoglobin A , Glycosylated}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {11-16}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-439-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-439-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Maoofi, Yahya and DalimiAsl, Abdolhosein and GhaffariFar, Fatemeh and Khoshzaban, Farib}, title = {In vitro Effect of Monosaccharides on the Virulence of Acanthamoeba Isolated from Patients with Amoebic Keratitis}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Acanthamoeba is free-living amoeba that is found in soil, water, air as well as in human pharynx. Acanthamoeba is causative agent of granulomatose amoebic encephalitis (GAE) in immunosuppressed and AIDS individuals and amoebic keratitis in people who use the lens. Pathogenic species of Acanthamoeba have protein receptors named mannose binding protein (MBP). Acanthamoeba via MBP adhere to the glycoproteins included mannose. Acanthamoeba adhesion to the target cells induces a protease secretion is called mannose inducing protein-133 (MIP-133). Exogense mannose can inhibit the adherence of Acanthamoeba also, it can increase the cytopathatic effect (CPE) through increase the secretion of MIP-133. In the present work, the effect of monosaccharides on the virulance of Acanthamoeba isolated from patient with amoebic keratitis, in HeLa cell culture was investigated. Materials & Methods: The isolates were cultured in HeLa cell culture, then 100, 50, 10, 1 and 0.1 mM of galactose, glucose and mannose were added to plates. Plates were observed with invert microscope in 8, 16, 32, 48, and 72 hours after culture. Results: Data implicated that mannose (100 mM ) showed the highest effect on increasing cytopathy of Acanthamoeba in HeLa cell culture. Meanwhile, galactose (100 mM) increased the virulence of Acanthamoeba in the cell culture after 32 hours. Conclusion: Adding mannose and galactose to HeLa cell culture contain Acanthamoeba can increase the virulence of the parasite significantly.}, Keywords = {Acanthamoeba , HeLa cell , Keratitis , Monosaccharides , Pathogenicity}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {17-21}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-440-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-440-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {GholizadehPasha, Abdolrahim and Khorasany, Bij}, title = {Evaluating the Causes of Emergent Laparotomy in Two Treatment Centers of Babol City: Shahid Beheshti and Yahya Nejad (1999-2001)}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Emergent laparotomy has many usages in abdomen trauma and acute abdomen. Knowing its common causes and patient;#39s conditions will be useful for good management of these patients. This study determined the common etiologies of emergent laparotomy and evaluated these causes. Materials & Methods: This descriptive and retrospective study was carried out on patients who had received laparotomy and their dossiers were available in archives of Beheshty and Yahya Nejad hospitals. Results: 300 patients were laparotomised (201 male and 99 female). 69 out of these patients had received laparotomy because of trauma (48 blunt and 21 penetrating) and 231 of them for acute abdomen. The most common signs were tenderness and guarding. Most of the patients were in 11-20 and 21-30 years age groups. In trauma: most common causes of injury were car accident and stab wounds. It usually happens in the third decade of the life. Accuracy of physical examinations was 91% by using three criteria of hypotension, tenderness and guarding. Negative laparotomy was 4 in blunt and 10 in penetrating trauma. Most common injured organs were spleen in blunt and intestine in penetrating traumas. In acute abdomen: most common causes for emergent laparotomy were peritonitis (43%) and obstruction (25%). Negative laparotomy was 3 in acute abdomen. P.U (4.46%) and perforated appendicitis (4.36%) were the most common causes of peritonitis. Rate of mortality in 5 cases was for   trauma patients and 4 in cases for acute abdomen patients. Conclusion: This study proved that acute abdomen was the most common cause of emergent laparotomy and peritonitis and intestine obstruction were the common causes of acute abdomen which lead in laparotomy. In traumatic patients, blunt trauma (resulting from car accident) was the most regardable factor of emergent laparotomy (resulting from car accident)}, Keywords = {Abdomen , Acute , Laparotomy , Trauma}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {22-27}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-443-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-443-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Kasraian, Leila and TorabJahromi, Seyyed Ardeshir and Negarestani, Ne}, title = {Predicting Blood Transfusion Factors in Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: The ability to predict the use of blood components during bypass surgery will improve the blood banks ability to provide efficient service. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective cross-sectional study that was carried out on patients that underwent CABG in Shiraz Namazi hospital in 2004. The sample size was 480 and we did systematic random sampling, and a questionnaire contained factors that effect on blood need was filling out. Independent t-test, multivariate logistic regression and Poason correlation were used for data analysis. Results: The average age of patients was 59.15±10.6 years, 69.2% were male and the mean Hct before surgery was 39.86±6.38% and after operation was 32.68±5.84% and the duration of surgery was 2 hours and 48 minutes. The average of pack cell was 5.76±1.52 unit and average of FFP was 2.82±7.72 unit. There was not significant correlation between ages, weighs, Hct before and after, sex and pack cell use (P> 0.05). The use of pack cell and FFP were more in urgent surgery in diabetic patients and vascular disease (P< 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that the rate of blood demanding in proportion to blood use is logical but the rate of blood usage is more than blood usage in other countries with considering of immunological and non-immunological complication of blood products, the heart surgeons must do special concern about the making decision for blood use.}, Keywords = {Blood , Coronary Artery Bypass , Surgery}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {28-33}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-444-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-444-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Ameri, Ebrahim and Yeganeh, Ali}, title = {Foot Deformities in Patients with Cerebral Palsy}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: In patients with cerebral palsy (CP) the most common presentation is lower extremity deformity specially foot deformity. Inability to ambulation is the one of the most important disabilities, that dependent to the variety of factors such as severity of disease, kind of CP, etc. This study was aimed to assess prevalence of kinds of foot deformity in CP and communication between kind of CP and foot deformity and another hand inability to ambulation. Materials & Methods: 100 patients with cerebral palsy with age 3-20 y (average 12.9y) were assessed in Shafa Yahyaian Orthopedic Center and kinds of CP & foot deformity was evaluated. In these patients, 84 subjects were selected with age 7-20 y and were evaluated for ability to walking. Results: The most common type of CP was spastic and the most common form of CP was (Quadri-Di-hemi-para) plegic respectively. The most common form of foot deformity was equines. Inability to walking in patients with foot deformity was more than without it (P<0.03), and in quadriplegic CP more than another types and in hemiplegic less than others. Conclusion: The most common deformity in foot in patients with CP was equines and then equino varus & equines valgus respectively. Foot deformity is the one of the factors that effect on ability to ambulation in patients with CP. Inability to ambulation in quadriplegic CP is more than others and in hemiplegic CP less than other types of CP.}, Keywords = {Cerebral Palsy , Foot Deformities}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {34-38}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-445-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-445-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Salari, Zohreh and Mirzaie, Fatemeh and Mehran, Mahi}, title = {Evaluation of Relationship between Opioid Addiction and Placental Abruption}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Placental abruption is one of the most common causes of bleeding during pregnancy. Multiple factors are known to be associated with increased risk of placental abruption as alcohol and cocaine use and cigarette smoking but there are fewer studies about the importance of opioid abuse in placental abruption. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between opioid addiction and placental abruption occurrence. Materials & Methods: In this case-control study 51 women with placental abruption and 147 women with normal pregnancy were studied. Data were collected using questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS12. Odds ratio was used for standing the relation of demographic factors and risk factors with incidence of placental abruption, logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the confounding factors. Results: Results showed that 37.3% of the women in the case group and 14.3% of women in the control-group were opioid addiction (P=0.001). The mean of gestational age was 36-41 weeks. 31.3% of the women with placental abruption and 1.3% of the women in the control group had delivery before 36 weeks gestation (P=0). Conclusion: Our results showed that opioid addiction increases of placental abruption probability 2.6 times.}, Keywords = {Opioid Addiction , Abruptio Placentae , Pregnancy}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {39-43}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-446-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-446-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Khodadadi, Iraj and Thumser, Alfre}, title = {Different Responses of Cardiac Cells to Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: The link between dietary fat and coronary heart disease has attracted much attention since the effect of long?chain fatty acids (LCFA) on gene transcription has been established, which in part, these effects can be explained by the regulation of gene transcription. In this study, the P19CL6 cardiac cell?line was targeted for the investigation of (i) the effects of long?chain fatty acids (LCFA) and clofibrate on mRNA levels of specific lipid metabolism?related genes, such as heart?type fatty acid?binding protein (H?FABP) and peroxisome proliferator?activated receptors (PPARa,b,g) in the P19CL6 cell?line, and (ii) to determine the effects of LCFAs and clofibrate on global transcriptome levels, using cDNA microarray analysis. Materials & Methods: After culturing P19CL6 cells with LCFAs or clofibrate, the total?RNA was extracted and expression levels of H-FABP, PPARa, PPARb, and PPARg genes were determined by RT?PCR. In addition, microarray analysis was used to compare global transcriptome profiles in P19CL6 cells cultured with different LCFAs or clofibrate. Results: LCFAs significantly increased the abundance of PPARa and PPARg. Moreover, microarray analysis showed the effects of linoleic and a?linolenic acids and clofibrate were similar but differed from those of palmitic and oleic acids.. Conclusion: These findings show cellular responses to polyunsaturated fatty acids differ from those observed with saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids.}, Keywords = {Cardiomyocyte , Fatty Acid , Gene , Microarray}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {44-50}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-447-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-447-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Rahbar, Solmaz and Taghizadeh, Shohreh and JazayeriShoshtari, Seyyed Mostafa and Tabatabaie, Seyyed Hamidrez}, title = {Comparison of Hoffmann Reflex Latency of Tibial Nerve in 20-40 Years Old Smokers and Non Smokers}, abstract ={Introduction & Objectives: In recent studies, the negative effects of smoking on different parts of body have been cleared. Nevertheless other negative effects of smoking are being investigated. One of those effects is central and peripheral nervous system problem. The aim of this investigation was comparison of Hoffmann (H) reflex latency of tibial nerve in male smokers and non smokers between 20-40 y/o. In addition, correlation between height and H-reflex latency was investigated. Materials & Methods: In this case - control study, samples included 65 males (32 smokers and 33 non-smokers) 20-40y/o. After assuring of desired conditions H-reflex latency was measured. In smokers, H-reflex test was done at least one hour after cigarette consumption. Before measuring H-reflex latency distal lower extremity skin temperature was measured and the study was done at 33 °C skin temperature. Results: The average of H-reflex latency in smokers was 29.9±1.5 ms and the average of H-reflex latency in non-smokers was 29.25±1.3 ms. The results showed that there is no significant difference between H-reflex latency in male smokers and non-smokers (p>0.05). Conclusion: Therefore, cigarette consumption does not have any effect on H-reflex latency in males between 20-40y/o. Also, correlation test indicate that there is significant relationship between height and H-reflex latency.}, Keywords = {Electromyography , Hoffmann Reflex , Nicotine , Smoking}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {51-55}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-448-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-448-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Khaki, Arash and Heidari, Mahnaz and GhafariNovin, Marefat and Khaki, Amir Afshin and Rejaie, Farz}, title = {Evaluation of Ciprofloxacin Cytotoxic Effect in Rat Testis}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: Ciprofloxacin is a synthetic antibacterial agent belonging to the family of fluoroquinolones with a very broad spectrum against microbial pathogens, especially Gram-negative infectious diseases, that has been approved in more than 100 countries world-wide. The aim of this study was to see histopathological and cytotoxic effects of ciprofloxacin after inducement in rat testis. Materials & Methods: The twenty male wistar rat were selected and randomly divided into two groups control (n=10) and test (n=10). The test group was received 12.5mg/kg (PO) ciprofloxacin daily for sixty day however the control group just received plate. On sixtieth day the testis tissue of rat in both groups were removed and were prepared for light microscopy and cytotoxic studies. Results: Study about cytotoxic effects was indicated that absorption of radiation rate after five day in control group was increased when as compared with experimental group, (Control: 92.8±1.5 & Test: 65±6, P<0.05) and the studies of testis tissue slices of test group showed many changes such as necrosis in spermatocyt I cells plus diameter of nuclei in spermatocyt I, was increased, (P<0.01). Conclusion: Since in our study ciprofloxacin had cytotoxic side effect on spermatocyt I cells, and rate of cell death may be increased in this cells then consequently ciprofloxacin inducement is harmful for sperm health ability parameters and due decrease fertility rates in human.}, Keywords = {Ciprofloxacin , Cytotoxicity , Rat , Testis}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {56-62}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-449-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-449-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Abtahi, Seyyed Mostaf}, title = {Comparison of Occlusal Indices and Dental Arch Dimensions in Monozygotic Twins}, abstract ={Introduction & Objective: The study of monozygotic twins is a valuable method for distinguishing the genetic and environmental etiologic factors. The purpose of this study was comparison between occlusal indices and dental arch dimensions in monozygotic twins. Materials & Methods: This descriptive study was preformed on 40 monozygotic twins that their permanent teeth were fully erupted. The variables that were evaluated in this study included: overjet, overbite, molar relationship, canine relationship, anterior circumference of dental arch , total circumference of dental arch , inter canine width , inter molar width. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (the pair t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient).   Results: According to pair t-test all the variables had P value more than 0.05.The amount of correlation coefficient of overbite (r=0.907) was greater than the other variables and overjet (r=0.408) was minimum. Conclusion: The occlusal indices and dental arch dimensions in monozygotic twins were compared and mostly influenced by genetics factors. Overbite had the strongest correlation among the occlusal indices in monozygotic twins.}, Keywords = {Dental Arch , Occlusion , Twins}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {63-66}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-450-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-450-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} } @article{ author = {Saied, Ali Reza and AyatollahiMousavi, Ali}, title = {A Case Report of Congenital Bilateral Absence of Nail, Middle and Distal Phalanges of the Toes}, abstract ={Introduction: Anonychia is a rare condition in which the nails of the fingers and/or the toes are not formed. Case Report: 18 years old man is reported with lack of nails and in addition, bone in the middle and distal phalanges of both feet since birth. No other abnormality was found.   Conclusion: This condition occurs extremely rare and seemingly is a clue to the dependence of nail formation on bone.}, Keywords = {Anonychia , Nail Development , Phalangeal Bone}, volume = {14}, Number = {1}, pages = {67-69}, publisher = {Hamadan University of Medical Sciences}, url = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-451-en.html}, eprint = {http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-451-en.pdf}, journal = {Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine}, issn = {2588-722X}, eissn = {2588-7238}, year = {2007} }