Volume 29, Issue 1 (Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine-Spring 2022)
Avicenna J Clin Med 2022, 29(1): 50-56 |
Back to browse issues page
1- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
2- Atieh Hospital Laboratory, Social Security Organization, Hamadan, Iran
3- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran , a.h.maghsood@umsha.ac.ir
2- Atieh Hospital Laboratory, Social Security Organization, Hamadan, Iran
3- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran , a.h.maghsood@umsha.ac.ir
Abstract: (1760 Views)
Background and Objective: The most important concern associated with diagnosing congenital toxoplasmosis is to determine when the mother has been infected. The importance of using serological diagnostic tests such as IgG-avidity assay which can distinguish between recent and past infections has been proven. The present study aimed to diagnose acute toxoplasmosis in the first trimester of pregnancy using IgG-avidity testing.
Materials and Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Hamadan, Iran in 2019. A total of 340 blood samples were collected from pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy and stored at -70 °C until experimenting. The IgG antibody titer was then determined. Also, IgM and IgG-avidity titers were measured for those samples with a positive IgG titer.
Results: Out of 340 pregnant women, 106 (31.2%) had a positive and 2 (0.6%) had a suspected IgM test. Of the 106 pregnant mothers with positive IgG, 6 (5.66%) had low IgG-avidity indicating recent infection of toxoplasmosis in the past 3 to 4 months. IgG-avidity titer was moderate in 10 patients (9.43%) and high in 90 patients (84.9%).
Conclusion: Using the IgG-avidity test and its improved methods along with other serological and molecular methods can be effective in determining and differentiating acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy, and preventing its irreversible complications in the fetus.
Materials and Methods: The present descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Hamadan, Iran in 2019. A total of 340 blood samples were collected from pregnant women in the first trimester of pregnancy and stored at -70 °C until experimenting. The IgG antibody titer was then determined. Also, IgM and IgG-avidity titers were measured for those samples with a positive IgG titer.
Results: Out of 340 pregnant women, 106 (31.2%) had a positive and 2 (0.6%) had a suspected IgM test. Of the 106 pregnant mothers with positive IgG, 6 (5.66%) had low IgG-avidity indicating recent infection of toxoplasmosis in the past 3 to 4 months. IgG-avidity titer was moderate in 10 patients (9.43%) and high in 90 patients (84.9%).
Conclusion: Using the IgG-avidity test and its improved methods along with other serological and molecular methods can be effective in determining and differentiating acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women, especially in the first trimester of pregnancy, and preventing its irreversible complications in the fetus.
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Parasitology & Mycology
References
1. Saadatnia G, Golkar M. A review on human toxoplasmosis. Scand J Infect Dis. 2012;44(11):805-14. [DOI] [PubMed]
2. Siddiqui N, Shujatullah F, Khan HM, Rabbani T, Khan PA. IgG avidity antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii in high risk females of reproductive age group in India. Korean J Parasitol. 2014;52(5):487-91. [DOI] [PubMed]
3. Rahbari AH, Keshavarz H, Shojaee S, Mohebali M, Rezaeian M. IgG avidity ELISA test for diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis in humans. Korean J Parasitol. 2012;50(2):99-102. [DOI] [PubMed]
4. Daryani A, Sarvi S, Aarabi M, Mizani A, Ahmadpour E, Shokri A, et al. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in the Iranian general population: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Acta Trop. 2014;137:185-94. [PubMed]
5. Laboudi M, Sadak A. Serodiagnosis of Toxoplasmosis: the effect of measurement of IgG avidity in pregnant women in Rabat in Morocco. Acta Trop. 2017;172:139-42. [DOI] [PubMed]
6. Fonseca ZC, Rodrigues IMX, Avelar JB, Castro AM, Avelino MM. IgG avidity test in congenital toxoplasmosis diagnoses in newborns. Pathogens. 2017;6(2):26. [DOI] [PubMed]
7. Fallah M, Rabiee S, Matini M, Taherkhani H. Seroepidemiology of toxoplasmosis in primigravida women in Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran, 2004. East. Mediterr. Health J. 2008;14(1):163-171.
8. Babaie J, Amiri S, Mostafavi E, Hassan N, Lotfi P, Rastaghi ARE, et al. Seroprevalence and risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection among pregnant women in Northeast Iran. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2013;20(11):1771-3. [DOI] [PubMed]
9. de Castro Zacche-Tonini A, Fonseca GSF, de Jesus LNNP, Barros GB, Coelho-dos-Reis JGA, Béla SR, et al. Establishing tools for early diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis: Flow cytometric IgG avidity assay as a confirmatory test for neonatal screening. J Immunol Methods. 2017;451:37-47. [DOI] [PubMed]
10. Emelia O, Rahana A, Mohamad Firdaus A, Cheng H, Nursyairah M, Fatinah A, et al. IgG avidity assay: a tool for excluding acute toxoplasmosis in prolonged IgM titer sera from pregnant women. Trop Biomed. 2014;31(4):633-40. [PubMed]
11. Joynson D, Payne R, Rawal B. Potential role of IgG avidity for diagnosing toxoplasmosis. J Clin Pathol. 1990; 43(12): 1032-3. [DOI] [PubMed]
12. Iqbal J, Khalid N. Detection of acute Toxoplasma gondii infection in early pregnancy by IgG avidity and PCR analysis. J Med Microbiol. 2007;56(11):1495-9. [DOI] [PubMed]
13. Singh S, Pandit AJ. Incidence and prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Indian pregnant women: a prospective study. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2004;52(4):276-83. [DOI] [PubMed]
14. Pour Abolghasem S, Bonyadi MR, Babaloo Z, Porhasan A, Nagili B, Gardashkhani OA, et al. IgG Avidity Test for the Diagnosis of Acute Toxoplasma gondii Infection in Early. Iran J Immunol. 2011;8(4):251-5. [PubMed]
15. Elyasi H, Babaie J, Fricker-Hidalgo H, Brenier-Pinchart M-P, Zare M, Sadeghiani G, et al. Use of dense granule antigen GRA6 in an immunoglobulin G avidity test to exclude acute Toxoplasma gondii infection during pregnancy. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2010;17(9):1349-55. [DOI] [PubMed]
16. Bortoletti Filho J, Araujo Júnior E, Carvalho NdS, Helfer TM, Serni N, de Oliveira P, et al. The importance of IgG avidity and the polymerase chain reaction in treating toxoplasmosis during pregnancy: current knowledge. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2013;2013:370769. [DOI] [PubMed]
17. Ali-Heydari S, Keshavarz H, Shojaee S, Mohebali M. Diagnosis of antigenic markers of acute toxoplasmosis by IgG avidity immunoblotting. Parasite. 2013;20:18. [DOI] [PubMed]
18. Haeri MR, Jalalizadegan B, Tabatabaie F. Recognition of acute toxoplasmosis with IgG avidity ELISA test in the pregnant women (the first trimester) in Qom Province, Iran, during two years (2012-2013). Am J Life Sci. 2014;2(6-3):18-21.
19. Roozbehani M, Gharavi MJ, Keshavarz H. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis in pregnant women by igg avidity assay. Alborz Uni Med J. 2015;4(1):11-6. [DOI]
20. Mizani A, Alipour A, Sharif M, Sarvi S, Amouei A, Shokri A, et al. Toxoplasmosis seroprevalence in Iranian women and risk factors of the disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Trop Med Health. 2017;45(1):7. [DOI] [PubMed]
21. Bonyadi MR, Bastani P. Modification and evaluation of avidity IgG testing for differentiating of Toxoplasma gondii infection in early stage of pregnancy. Cell J. 2013;15(3):238-243. [PubMed]
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |