fa بررسی میزان خواب‌آلودگی و آپنه‌ انسدادی خواب در بیماران دیابتی نوع دو بر اساس پرسش‌نامه‌ Epworth sleepiness scale و STOP-bang و ارتباط آن با هموگلوبین A1c غدد و متابوليسم Endocrine & Metabolism پژوهشي Original <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">سابقه و هدف:</span></span></span></span></span></span></b>&nbsp;<span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">کم&shy; خوابی و بی&shy; خوابی با افزایش خطر ابتلا به دیابت همراه است</span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و از طرف دیگر، اختلالات خواب در افراد مبتلا به دیابت به میزان درخور توجهی، بیشتر از افراد سالم است. همچنین، طول مدت خواب با کنترل قندخون در دیابت مرتبط است. این پژوهش با هدف تعیین میزان خواب&shy; آلودگی و آپنه‌ی انسدادی خواب در بیماران دیابتی نوع دو و ارتباط آن با میزان قندخون انجام شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">مواد و روش‌‌ها</span></span></span></span></span></span></b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">:</span></span></span></span></span></b><b>&nbsp;</b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در این مطالعه‌ی مقطعی، ۲۰۰ نفر از بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو مراجعه&shy; کننده به بیمارستان شهید بهشتی همدان در سال 1402 انتخاب شدند. وضعیت کنترل دیابت با هموگلوبین </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">A1c</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و فراوانی خواب‌آلودگی و آپنه‌ی انسدادی با پرسش‌نامه &shy;های </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">ESS</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">STOP-BANG</span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> ارزیابی و با نرم‌افزار </span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">SPSS 26</span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> تجزیه‌ وتحلیل شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">یافته‌ها</span></span></span></span></span></span></b><b><span b="" lang="AR-SA" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">:</span></span></span></span></span></b>&nbsp;<span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">میانگین سنی افراد برابر با &shy;9.77&nbsp;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span cambria="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">&plusmn;</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> 56.16 سال بود. بین فراوانی نمره‌ی خواب‌آلودگی روزانه با جنسیت (0.001 ></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">)، استعمال سیگار (0.003=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">)، پرفشاری خون و دیس‌لیپیدمی (0.001 ></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">) تفاوت معنی‌دار مشاهده شد. بین احتمال آپنه‌ی انسدادی خواب با استعمال سیگار (0.002=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">)</span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">و دیس‌لیپیدمی (0.001=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">) تفاوت معنی‌دار وجود داشت. بین هموگلوبین </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">A1c</span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> با استعمال سیگار (0.001 ></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">) و دیس‌لیپیدمی (0.007=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">) تفاوت معنی‌دار دیده شد. همچنین، بین هموگلوبین </span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">A1c</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt"> با نمره‌ی خواب‌آلودگی روزانـه (0.036=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">) و نـمره‌ی آپـنه‌ی تنفسی هنگـام خـواب (0.034=</span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:8.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">P</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">) هم‌بستگی مـثبت و معنی‌داری وجود داشت.</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <b><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="position:relative"><span style="top:-1.0pt"><span style="letter-spacing:.2pt">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;</b><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در بیماران مبتلا به دیابت نوع دو، آپنه‌ی انسدادی خواب و خواب &shy;آلودگی روزانه نسبتاً شایع است و این اختلالات با کنترل ضعیف قند خون مرتبط‌ هستند.</span></span></span> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="letter-spacing:-.1pt">Background and Objective:</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:"> Lack of sleep and insomnia are associated with an increase in the risk of diabetes. Sleep disorders in diabetic people are significantly higher than in healthy people. Moreover, sleep duration is related to blood sugar control in diabetes. This study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the level of sleepiness and obstructive sleep apnea in type 2 diabetic patients and its relationship with glycemic levels.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3">Materials and Methods:</span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:">This cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 patients with type 2 diabetes referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Hamadan in&shy;</span></span> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:">2023&shy;. Diabetes control status was evaluated by hemoglobin A1c, and the frequency of sleepiness and obstructive sleep apnea was assessed by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale and STOP-BANG questionnaires. Data analysis was done using SPSS 26 statistical software.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="letter-spacing:.15pt">Results:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:">The mean age of the participants was 56.16 &plusmn; 9.77 years</span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:9.0pt"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">.</span></span><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:"> A significant difference was observed between the frequency of daily sleepiness score with gender (P<0.001), smoking (P=0.003), and hypertension and dyslipidemia (P<0.001). There was a significant difference between the possibility of obstructive sleep apnea with smoking (P=0.002) and dyslipidemia (P=0.001). A significant difference was observed between hemoglobin A1c and smoking (P<0.001) and dyslipidemia (P=0.007). There was a positive and significant correlation between hemoglobin A1c and daily sleepiness score (P=0.036) and sleep apnea score (P=0.034).</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:12pt"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span ms="" style="font-family:" trebuchet=""><span style="color:black"><b><span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#274cc3"><span style="letter-spacing:.1pt">Conclusion:</span></span></span></span></b> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:">In patients with type 2 diabetes, obstructive sleep apnea and daytime sleepiness are relatively common, and these disorders are related to</span></span> <span style="font-size:9.0pt"><span lt="" optima="" std="" style="font-family:">poor glycemic control.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; آپنه‌ی انسدادی, خواب‌آلودگی, دیابت شیرین نوع 2, هموگلوبین A گلیکوزیله Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Hemoglobin A1c, Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Sleepiness 47 53 http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-12-107-13&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Mohammad Ishaq Soltaninia محمد اسحاق سلطانی‌نیا 100319475328460023573 0009-0001-3444-3438 No School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران Zohreh Kahramfar زهره کهرامفر 100319475328460023574 100319475328460023574 No Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran گروه داخلی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران Leili Tapak لیلی تاپاک 100319475328460023575 100319475328460023575 No Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Modeling of Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran گروه آمار زیستی، دانشکده‌ی بهداشت، مرکز تحقیقات مدل‌سازی بیماری‌های غیرواگیر، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران Shiva Borzouei شیوا برزوئی borzooeishiva@yahoo.com 100319475328460023576 100319475328460023576 Yes Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran گروه داخلی، دانشکده‌ی پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران