A prospective randomized study was undertaken in 180 patients undergoing cesarean section to evaluate the efficacy of three prophylactic regiments. All eligible patients were divided into three groups.

The first group received ! gr Cefotaxime the second group 2 gr Ampicillin and the third group 2 gr Ampicilline follewed by two additional dose at 6 and 12 hours postoperatively after clamping.

Postoperative morbidity occurred in 7.3% of all patients.

There was no statistically significant differences in postoperative endomyometritis (P=0.99), wound infection (P=0.99) and febrile morbidity (P=0.66) between three groups respectively.

In summary : Ampicillin prophylaxis appears to be comparable to Cefotaxime in reducing infectious morbidity after C/S and single dose regimens (Ceftaxime or Ampicillin) provide adequate cover in preventing morbidity in both high and low –rrisk patients.