Volume 33, Issue 2 (Avicenna Journal of Clinical Medicine-Summer 2026)
Avicenna J Clin Med 2026, 33(2): 83-91 |
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Saei Ghare Naz M, Mousavi M, Ghasemi V, Motamed S, Azizi F, Ramezani Tehrani F. The Risk of Metabolic Syndrome in Women with a History of Gestational Diabetes: A Population-Based Study. Avicenna J Clin Med 2026; 33 (2) :83-91
URL: http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-3381-en.html
URL: http://sjh.umsha.ac.ir/article-1-3381-en.html
Marzieh Saei Ghare Naz1 
, Maryam Mousavi1 , Vida Ghasemi2 , Soudabe Motamed3 , Fereidoun Azizi4 , Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani5
, Maryam Mousavi1 , Vida Ghasemi2 , Soudabe Motamed3 , Fereidoun Azizi4 , Fahimeh Ramezani Tehrani5
1- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2- Department of Midwifery, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
3- Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
4- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Disorders, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,ramezani@endocrine.ac.ir
2- Department of Midwifery, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
3- Department of Public Health, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran
4- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Disorders, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
5- Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Molecular Biology, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran ,
Abstract: (77 Views)
Background and Objective: Gestational diabetes refers to impaired glucose tolerance that is first detected in the second or third trimester of pregnancy and does not meet the diagnostic criteria for overt diabetes. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the risk of metabolic syndrome among women with and without a history of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the framework of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS).
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted within the framework of the TLGS. A total of 494 participants with known GDM status (with and without history of GDM) were included in the study. Demographic and reproductive characteristics, physical activity, smoking status, anthropometric indices, and components of metabolic syndrome were assessed. SPSS (version 25) was used. Baseline characteristics were compared between groups with and without a history of gestational diabetes using the Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables, and the χ2 test for categorical data. Logistic regression and linear regression models were used to assess the association of the main risk factors. The significance level was considered to be less than 0.05.
Results: In this cross-sectional study, 375 women without a history of GDM and 119 with a history of GDM were studied. In women without a history of GDM, body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.002), systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.004), and number of deliveries (P < 0.001) were higher than in those with a history of GDM. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 36.1% in the group with a history of GDM and 42.3% in the group without a history (P = 0.23). After adjusting for age and BMI, history of GDM was significantly positively associated with fasting blood sugar (FBS) (β = 25.37, P >.001), triglycerides (β = 46.41, P = 0.009), and waist circumference (WC) (β = 4.54, P <.001). After controlling for additional confounders (smoking, physical activity, number of deliveries, diabetes mellitus), this association remained significant only for FBS (β = 11.74, P = 0.003) and WC (β = 4.01, P <.001). No significant association was observed with the other components of metabolic syndrome (P > 0.05). In the logistic regression model adjusted for age and BMI, women with a history of GDM had a 3.31-fold higher chance of developing metabolic syndrome (OR = 3.31; P < 0.001). However, this association was not significant after controlling for additional confounders (P = 0.11).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that a history of GDM had a significant positive association with some metabolic indices, including FBS and triglycerides, and WC. These findings highlight the importance of long-term follow-up of women with a history of GDM for the development of metabolic syndrome.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted within the framework of the TLGS. A total of 494 participants with known GDM status (with and without history of GDM) were included in the study. Demographic and reproductive characteristics, physical activity, smoking status, anthropometric indices, and components of metabolic syndrome were assessed. SPSS (version 25) was used. Baseline characteristics were compared between groups with and without a history of gestational diabetes using the Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables, and the χ2 test for categorical data. Logistic regression and linear regression models were used to assess the association of the main risk factors. The significance level was considered to be less than 0.05.
Results: In this cross-sectional study, 375 women without a history of GDM and 119 with a history of GDM were studied. In women without a history of GDM, body mass index (BMI) (P = 0.002), systolic blood pressure (P < 0.001), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.004), and number of deliveries (P < 0.001) were higher than in those with a history of GDM. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 36.1% in the group with a history of GDM and 42.3% in the group without a history (P = 0.23). After adjusting for age and BMI, history of GDM was significantly positively associated with fasting blood sugar (FBS) (β = 25.37, P >.001), triglycerides (β = 46.41, P = 0.009), and waist circumference (WC) (β = 4.54, P <.001). After controlling for additional confounders (smoking, physical activity, number of deliveries, diabetes mellitus), this association remained significant only for FBS (β = 11.74, P = 0.003) and WC (β = 4.01, P <.001). No significant association was observed with the other components of metabolic syndrome (P > 0.05). In the logistic regression model adjusted for age and BMI, women with a history of GDM had a 3.31-fold higher chance of developing metabolic syndrome (OR = 3.31; P < 0.001). However, this association was not significant after controlling for additional confounders (P = 0.11).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that a history of GDM had a significant positive association with some metabolic indices, including FBS and triglycerides, and WC. These findings highlight the importance of long-term follow-up of women with a history of GDM for the development of metabolic syndrome.
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Endocrine & Metabolism
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