Introduction & Objective: Placental abruption is one of the most common causes of bleeding during pregnancy. Multiple factors are known to be associated with increased risk of placental abruption as alcohol and cocaine use and cigarette smoking but there are fewer studies about the importance of opioid abuse in placental abruption. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between opioid addiction and placental abruption occurrence.

Materials & Methods: In this case-control study 51 women with placental abruption and 147 women with normal pregnancy were studied. Data were collected using questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS12. Odds ratio was used for standing the relation of demographic factors and risk factors with incidence of placental abruption, logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the confounding factors.

Results: Results showed that 37.3% of the women in the case group and 14.3% of women in the control-group were opioid addiction (P=0.001). The mean of gestational age was 36-41 weeks. 31.3% of the women with placental abruption and 1.3% of the women in the control group had delivery before 36 weeks gestation (P=0).

Conclusion: Our results showed that opioid addiction increases of placental abruption probability 2.6 times.